Roofing unit and assembly thereof



AP 14 1942- D. E. GRAY ROOFING UNIT AND ASSEMBLY THEREOF Filed oct. 19, 1.940

INVENTOR. ,DAY/D GRAY Y Patented VApr. 14, 1942 A ROOFING UNIT AND ASSEMBLY THEREOF David E. Gray, Corning, N. Y., assigner to Corning Glass Works, Corning, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application october 19, 1940, serial No. 361,969

(ci. s- 10) 11 claims.

This invention relates to roofs and roofing materials, and more particularly to a novel form of tile or fabricated shingle and thereof covering built therewith.

The primary object of the invention is a strong durable roof, `which is weather tight, especially economical both of material and labor of installation. and which is also attractive in appearance.

A further object of the invention is a tile, shingle, or roofing unit whose design is such that its assembly with other similar units used in covering a roof leaves the major surface portion of each unit exposed to the weather.

Another object of the invention is a tile, shingle or roofing unit which may be readily anchored to a roof structure without the necessity of resorting to perforating the unit.

A still further object is a tile, shingle, or roofing unit adapted to be anchored to a roof structure in such a fashion that lifting of a unit by the wind is positively prevented. The invention includes among its features a roofing unit having part of its bounding edges bent in one direction at right angles to its adjoining surface portion and with the remaining of its bounding edges bent in the opposite direction in such a fashion that a number of such units can be formed into a roof cover assembly having a coverage very nearly approaching the sum of the combined surface areas of the individual units.

A further feature of the invention is the manner of spacing overlapping parts of the units to prevent leakage by capillary action.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a further perusal of the description of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a fragment of a roof covering assembly formed of roofing units of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the overlapping arrangement of the units.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

In the form ofthe invention shown each tile unit I6 embodying the invention is a generally at but somewhat warped square piece of material of a suitable thickness, depending on the material from which the unit is made, although the unit may be shaped otherwise than square if desired.l For example, it may be of diamond shape to produce a different ornamental effect. Two of the adjoining bounding edges of the unit have upstanding edges I2 with notches I3 for accommodating clips 23 used to secure the units to a roof structure 2|. At the corner I6 where edges I2 join, the upstanding edges are of additional height. The remaining edges Il of the corner I5 adjacent edges I2. The opposite ends' of edges I2 and I4 meet at corners 2B and 2B respectively. f

In a typical roof structure all of the units are duplicates of the unit l0, except for those bordering the structure. The latter units are composed of those portions of units I0 necessary to substantially evenly parallel the roof edges and may be cut from units I0 or Aseparately fabricated as is mostconvenient, as such portions of units are of the exact configuration as the corresponding parts as a unit I0. In order to avoid confusion in the detailed description which follows, the different units specifically referred to are given separate identification numerals even though, as above stated, they are identical to one another. n

- As previously mentioned, the units are anchored to a supporting roof structure '2l by clips 23 one end of each of which clamps over an edge portion I3 of a unit and the other end `of which is directly nailed to the roof structure.-

Since a substantial portion of a unit projects 'y beyond its location of anchorage, raising of the unit is impossiblewithout actually destroying the anchorage; consequently the danger of wind raising the unit is very remote.

In a typical roof structure such as illustrated lin Fig. l, the ilrst horizontal row or course of units laid comprises a unit I8, a number of similar units, of which units I9 are examples, and at'.

lapped by a ridge cap 24 which simply covers the upper halves of the .units and has its free edges preferably bent down into contact with faces of those units.V

Those units of the respective,,intermediate courses include any necessary fractional units', such for example as unit 2l, and the required the surnumber of whole units comprising duplicates of unit l.

Assembly of a roof, as is customary, begins with the laying of the first course of units, which are so laid that their corners 25 and 20 adjoin one another in a horizontal row and are anchored in place by means of a number of the clips` 23. Once the iirst row of units has been properly laid and anchored, laying of the subsequent courses is a relatively simple matter. In the laying of the second course the downwardly projecting corner I of each unit I0 is fitted into the apex of the triangular space below the adjoining corners 25-26 and up against the edges I4 of the adjoining units. The corners I6 in occupying the identified spaces between units of the first row function to laterally space the overlapped edges I2 and I4 a predetermined distance from one another, thereby establishing non-capillary gaps 20 between such edges. The units of the second course inherently become arranged in the same relation to one another as are the units of the first course. From the foregoing the manner of laying the subsequent courses will be understood without further explanation. It is to be observed, however, that at the junctions of the corners of the respective units of all intermediate rowsl or courses relatively large enclosed -spaces 28 and 29 are formed within the confines of corners I5 and I6. These spaces serve as temporary reservoirs for water which may, during certain wind conditions, be forced under the edges of the corners I6'. The capacities of these reservoirs are such as to prevent danger, were they not provided, of water accumulating at the corners in such volume as to ow over the edges I2 and corners I5 andA cause leakage.

With a view to clearing up any further questions as to the relative arrangement of the units with respect to one another special reference is now made to Fig. 2 which illustrates the one upstanding edge I2 of a unit |01 as being overlapped by one of the downwardly projecting edges I4 of a unit I0, with the otheriupstanding edge I2 of unit I01 overlapped by a downwardly projecting edge of a unit |03, and with the upstandwarped that the tops of said upwardly extending flanges at their point of intersection lie substantially in the same plane as diagonally located corners of the body portion.

2. An assembly of roofing tile of parallelogram outline arranged irsuccessive horizontal rows or courses, along the breadth of a roof with the tiles of each course so arranged that two of the diagonally disposed corners of each of they tiles are in the same horizontal plane, each tile having oppositely disposed plain surfaces bounded by upstanding edges along the sides above the above identified corners and similarly bounded by downwardly projecting edges along the sides be,- low such corners, the upstanding edges of the tiles of one course being overlapped by the downwardly projecting edges of the .tiles of an adjacent course with the edges of the respective tiles meeting the plain surfaces of the tiles overlapped.

3. An assembly of roofing tile of parallelogram outline arranged in successive horizontal rows or courses along a roof breadth with the tiles of each plane, each tile having oppositely disposed plain surfaces bounded by upstanding edges along the sides above the above identied corners and similarly bounded by downwardly projecting edges along the sides below such corners, the downwardly projecting edges of the tiles of one course overlapping the upstanding edges of the tiles of an adjacent course and arranged to meet plain surfaces thereof.

4. An assembly of roofing tile of parallelogram outline arranged in successive horizontal rows or courses along a roof breadth with the tiles ofeach course so arranged that diagonally disposed corners of the tiles are in the same horizontal plane, each tile having oppositely disposed plain surfaces bounded by upstanding edges along the sides above the above identified corners and.

similarly bounded by downwardly projecting edges along the sides below such corners, the downwardly projecting edges of the tiles of one course overlapping the upstanding edges of the tiles of an adjacent course and spaced from the upstanding edges which they overlap.

5. A roofing tile assembly composed of tile units of parallelogram outline which are of senerally flat configuration as regards their main body portion and which have their bordering edges extended in directions substantially at right angles to their adjacent body portions, said tiles being so arranged with respect to one another that any tile of the assembly surrounded by other tiles thereof has two of its bounding edges lapped over at least part of the bounding edges of three surrounding units in substantially meeting relation with the main body portions thereof and has the remaining of its own bounding edges covered by the bounding edges of three other surrounding units and in substantially meeting relation with their main body portions.

- 6. A roofing tile assembly composed of tile units of parallelogram outline .which are of generally flat configuration as regards their main body portion and which have their bordering edges extended in directions substantially at right angles to their adjacent body portions, said tiles being so arranged with respect to one another that any tile of the assembly-surrounded by other tiles has one corner and the adjoining edges thereof lapped over corners of three other units of the assembly and in substantially meeting relation with the main body portions thereof.

7. A roofing tile assembly composed of tile units of parallelogram outline which are of generally fiat configuration as regards their main b ody portion and which .have their bordering edges extended in directions substantially at right angles to their adjacent body portions, said tiles being so arranged with respect to one another that any tile of the assembly surrounded by other tiles has one corner and the adjoining edges thereof lapped over corners of three other units o the assembly and has another corner thereof covered by a corner of another unit of the assembly with the edges of such corners in subin directions substantially at right angles to their smears ranged with respect to one another that any tilev of the assembly surrounded by other tiles has one edge thereof lapped over corners of three other units of the assembly, another corner thereof covered by a corner of another unit of the assembly and a third covered by one of the edges of a still further unit of the assembly the edges of each unit` being arranged in substantially meeting relation with the main body portions of the units they overlap.

9. In an assembly of roong tile, a plurality of tile each of which has two of its adjoining edges upstanding with respect to its major surface area and which has two yedges projecting downward with respect to such area, clips overlapping limited portions of the upstanding edges ef the tiles securing them to roof boards or the like, and certain tiles of the assembly so arranged with respect to others of the assembly as to have their downwardly projecting edges overlapping upstanding edges of .a plurality of the other tiles of the assembly.

10. In a roof structure, roofing units each having down-turned edges and upturned edges with the down-turned edges of the respective units lapped over the upturned edges of other ofI the units, the said units also havingupturned and down-turned corner portions cooperativev with the overlapped edges of the respective unitsA to space the edges of the .overlapped units a predetermined distance from one another.

11. As an article of manufacture, a roofing tile with avrelatively flat surfaced body portionhavingtwo adjoining edges in the form of anges upstanding with respectl to' the surfaces of the body portion, said iianges beingv of dierent height required to bring them in meeting relation with surfaces of bodyv portions of similar tiles arranged at different levelswith respect thereto when grouped in cooperative relation to form a roof assembly.

I DAVID E. GRAY. 

